Colours are the phenomena of visual insight. One cannot hear, taste or feel the colour, the only way to recognize the colour is to see it. A colour is a means of nonverbal communication and says a lot more than you can ever imagine.Colour is a fundamental consideration in the design process. Colour can also affect someone’s ability to concentrate or to focus well. Colour can also have an effect on the way someone appears to look in the clothing they wear. It is often the first element that is noticed about a design and influences how the garment or collection is perceived. Colour is often the starting point of the design process. Gender and personality are the most common factors for determining the type of colours a person will wear. Males are typically dressed in dark colours such as blue, black, green, gray, red, and brown. These colours are usually worn in various shades but they still consist of these primary hues. Females typically wear lighter colours such as pink, yellow, cyan, lime green, orange, and peach. Women and girls also wear the darker colours that are normally associated with men but men normally do not wear lighter colours associated with women.

Colour also has an Impact on:

• Your apparent shape
• Your apparent weight
• Your apparent personality
• Your emotions

Psychological Properties:

The eleven basic colours have fundamental psychological properties that are universal, regardless of which particular shade, tone or tint of it you are using. Each of them has potentially positive or negative psychological effects and which of these effects is created depends on the relationships within colour combinations. Colours can warm up, cool down, make practical or impractical, create impact or camouflage. It has been determined by medical science that colour can influence the viewer’s hormones, blood pressure and body temperature. Every colour is having a positive as well as negative effect; negative effect shows when it is mixed with lighter or darker shade). Colour can have a profound effect on one’s mood as well as their level of energy. The psychological properties of the eleven basic colours are as follows:

RED-Physical
Positive: Physical courage, strength, warmth, energy, basic survival, stimulation, masculinity, excitement.

Negative: Demanding, aggression, strain.

BLUE- Intellectual
Positive: Intelligence, communication, trust, efficiency, modern, duty, logic, coolness, reflection, calm.

Negative: Coldness, reserve, lack of emotion, unfriendly.

YELLOW- Emotional
Positive: Optimism, confidence, self-esteem, emotional strength, friendliness, creativity.
Negative: Irrationality, fear, depression, Immaturity, anxiety, suicide

GREEN- Balance

Positive: Harmony, balance, refreshment, universal love, rest, renewal, reassurance, environmental awareness, peace symmetry.

Negative: Boredom, heavy, stagnant, blandness.

VIOLET- Spiritual

Positive: Spiritual awareness, containment, vision, luxury, authenticity, truth, quality.
Negative: Introversion, decadent, suppression, inferior.

PINK-
Positive: Physical tranquillity, nurture, warmth, femininity, love, sexuality, survival of the species.
Negative: Inhibition, emasculation, physical weakness.

GREY-
Positive: Neutral

Negative: Lack of confidence, dampness, depression, lack of energy.

BLACK-

Positive: Sophisticated, glamour, secure, emotional safety, efficiency.

Negative: Domination, coldness, menacing, heavy, cruelty

WHITE-

Positive: Hygiene, sterility, clarity, purity, cleanness, simplicity, sophistication, efficiency.

Negative: Sterile, elitist, coldness, barriers, unfriendliness.

BROWN-

Positive: Serious, warmth, Nature, earthiness, reliable, support.

Negative: humourless, heavy, lack of sophistication.

Personal Colouring:

The colours play an important role and one should think before adding the colours. Once the desired effect is achieved half the job is done! Contrast colours in clothes looks stunning and catches the attention in its own way and tones of the same colour also adds a lot of smartness and adds a chic feel.In viewing a design, colour often has an overriding visual impact over other design considerations. A garments message can be completely altered by the colour; for example: a severe cut can be softened if it is executed in a candy pink.

• Simply wear the same colour / shades of the same colour (that is, a suit/top and bottom) from head to toe. Create interest by wearing different textures .You could also choose a shirt in a brighter/lighter shade. Now youve created a vertical Line-slimming. This will also emphasise your face.
• If a person wants to look taller then he or she should wear a light colour from head to toe. Also try to match shoes to hemline colours.
• A person will also look taller when he/she repeats the same colour tones in top and bottom. For example medium top and medium bottom.
• A Person can minimize their upper torso when he/she wears a darker top and lighter bottom.
• A Person can minimize their lower torso when he/she wears a lighter top and darker bottom.
• A person can appear shorter / heavier when she/he wears a different colour in your skirt/slacks/trousers, hose / socks and shoes.

Be Colour Crazy

Be colour conscious right down to your toes. Sometimes you only need to change the colour to make it work! It will pay dividends. Our fashion colour choices say a lot about the image we are trying to portray and how we feel about ourselves. Care must be taken with the basic colour of the garments if unusual colour accessories are to be worn to advantage. Check the colour of the fabric against your face. Hair, eyes, and skin colouring must be taken into account, plus the occasion for day or evening wear. Generally, the smaller and the thinner person, the lighter the colour she should wear, with the reverse for taller, heavier types. The right colours can make your skin tone appear more even, reduce the appearance of wrinkles and dark circles and make you look brighter and healthier. While on the other hand wearing a colour which isn’t so good for you can make you look tired, dull and even ill. Create your own colour story without restricting yourself to just two or three basic colours. Choose colours which flatter and enhance you, not colours you have to work hard to wear to look alive. Only through experience will you become selective about colours and tones which compliment or do nothing for you.

A tattoo is made by inserting indelible ink into the dermis layer of the skin to change the pigment

The first written reference to the “tattoo” or ‘Samoan Tatua’ appears in the journal of Joseph Banks, the naturalist aboard Captain Cooks ship ‘The HMS Endeavour’ in 1769.

Tattooing has been practiced for centuries in many cultures spread throughout the world. The Ainu , the indigenous people of Japan, traditionally had facial tattoos.

There are 5 types of tattoos

• Traumatic Tattoos – also called the Natural Tattoos
• Amateur Tattoos
• Professional Tattoos
• Cosmetic Tattoo- also known as Permanent Makeup
• Medical Tattoos- to show the illness or allergetic reaction one has.

Tattoos have experienced a resurgence in popularity in many parts of the world, particularly in North and South America, Japan and Europe. The growth in tattoo culture has seen an influx of new artists into the industry, many of whom have technical and fine arts training.

During the first decade of the 21^st century, the presence of tattoos became evident within Pop Culture and inspiring television shows and celebrities as well. The Chicago exhibition ‘ Freaks & Flash’ of 2009 featured both examples of historic body art as well as the tattoo artists who produced it.

There is no consistent Christian position on tattooing. They use signs or symbols of God .Tattoos are considered forbidden in Islam and Judaism.

It involves the placement of pigments into the skin’s dermis, the layer of dermal tissue underlying the epidermis. After initial injection, pigment is dispersed throughout a homogenized damage layer down through the epidermis  and upper dermis , in both of which the presence of foreign material activates the immune system.

Some tribal cultures traditionally created tattoos by cutting designs into the skin and rubbing the resulting wound with ink, ashes or other agents.

The most common method of tattooing in the modern era is the electric tattoo machine, which inserts ink into the skin via a single needle or a group of needles that are soldered onto a bar, which is attached to an oscillating unit.

Tattoo artists  and people with tattoos, vary widely in their preferred methods of caring for new tattoos. Some artists recommend keeping a new tattoo wrapped for the first twenty-four hours, while others suggest removing temporary bandaging after two hours or less to allow the skin to ‘breathe’. Many tattooists advise against allowing too much contact with hot tub or pool water, or soaking in a tub for the first two weeks.

This is to prevent the tattoo ink from washing out or fading due to over-hydration and to avoid infection from exposure to bacteria. In contrast, other artists suggest that a new tattoo be bathed in very hot water early.

Because it requires breaking the skin barrier, tattooing may carry health risks, including infection and allergic reactions. Modern tattooists reduce such risks by following universal precautions, working with single-use items, and sterilizing their equipment after each use. While tattoos are considered permanent, it is sometimes possible to remove them with laser treatments, or even a tattoo removal cream fully or partially. Typically, black and some colored inks can be removed more completely.

General consensus for care advises against removing the scab that may form on a new tattoo, and avoiding exposing one’s tattoo to the sun for extended periods for at least 3 weeks; both of these can contribute to fading of the image. Furthermore, it is agreed that a new tattoo needs to be kept clean.